|
|
|
|
2003 |
2004 |
2005 |
2006 |
2007 |
2008 |
2009 |
2010 |
2011 |
2012 |
2013 |
2014 |
2015 |
2016 |
2017 |
2018 |
2019 |
2020 |
2021 |
2022 |
|
|
|
|
|
Residents in United States
|
|
100
|
|
100
|
|
|
100
|
|
100
|
|
100
|
|
100
|
|
100
|
|
|
100
|
|
|
100
|
|
|
|
Non-formal education and incomplete primary
|
4
|
|
4
|
|
|
4
|
|
10
|
|
18
|
|
9
|
|
0
|
|
|
2
|
|
|
5
|
|
|
|
|
Complete primary
|
11
|
|
15
|
|
|
6
|
|
10
|
|
11
|
|
10
|
|
0
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
11
|
|
|
|
|
Incomplete secondary
|
12
|
|
15
|
|
|
23
|
|
19
|
|
9
|
|
10
|
|
0
|
|
|
7
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Complete secondary
|
22
|
|
11
|
|
|
37
|
|
30
|
|
30
|
|
29
|
|
13
|
|
|
24
|
|
|
19
|
|
|
|
|
Higher education
|
51
|
|
55
|
|
|
30
|
|
31
|
|
32
|
|
42
|
|
87
|
|
|
67
|
|
|
65
|
|
|
|
|
|
Residents in other countries
|
|
100
|
|
100
|
|
|
100
|
|
100
|
|
100
|
|
100
|
|
100
|
|
|
100
|
|
|
100
|
|
|
|
Non-formal education and incomplete primary
|
0
|
|
0
|
|
|
0
|
|
0
|
|
0
|
|
0
|
|
0
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
|
|
Complete primary
|
4
|
|
5
|
|
|
11
|
|
4
|
|
0
|
|
0
|
|
0
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
4
|
|
|
|
|
Incomplete secondary
|
10
|
|
3
|
|
|
3
|
|
4
|
|
1
|
|
1
|
|
0
|
|
|
3
|
|
|
2
|
|
|
|
|
Complete secondary
|
15
|
|
8
|
|
|
11
|
|
10
|
|
0
|
|
1
|
|
1
|
|
|
10
|
|
|
12
|
|
|
|
|
Higher education
|
71
|
|
84
|
|
|
75
|
|
82
|
|
99
|
|
98
|
|
99
|
|
|
86
|
|
|
82
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Main causes of migration
|
|
100
|
|
100
|
|
|
100
|
|
100
|
|
100
|
|
100
|
|
100
|
|
|
100
|
|
|
100
|
|
|
|
Search and lack of employment
|
|
68
|
|
59
|
|
|
50
|
|
63
|
|
24
|
|
23
|
|
9
|
|
|
18
|
|
|
20
|
|
|
|
|
Studies
|
|
10
|
|
13
|
|
|
9
|
|
9
|
|
22
|
|
24
|
|
26
|
|
|
26
|
|
|
28
|
|
|
|
|
Business
|
|
4
|
|
5
|
|
|
6
|
|
6
|
|
6
|
|
9
|
|
9
|
|
|
6
|
|
|
8
|
|
|
|
|
Economic instability
|
|
7
|
|
8
|
|
|
13
|
|
2
|
|
12
|
|
9
|
|
6
|
|
|
8
|
|
|
4
|
|
|
|
|
Others
|
|
11
|
|
15
|
|
|
22
|
|
20
|
|
36
|
|
35
|
|
50
|
|
|
42
|
|
|
40
|
|
|
|
|
|
Primary use of remittance
|
|
100
|
|
100
|
|
|
100
|
|
100
|
|
100
|
|
100
|
|
100
|
|
|
100
|
|
|
100
|
|
|
|
Personal expenses
|
|
76
|
|
71
|
|
|
64
|
|
70
|
|
72
|
|
71
|
|
75
|
|
|
84
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Housing purchase and construction
|
|
8
|
|
7
|
|
|
9
|
|
4
|
|
5
|
|
6
|
|
1
|
|
|
13
|
|
|
6
|
|
|
|
|
Others
|
|
16
|
|
22
|
|
|
27
|
|
26
|
|
23
|
|
23
|
|
24
|
|
|
3
|
|
|
20
|
|
|
|
|
|
Main occupations
|
|
100
|
|
100
|
|
|
100
|
|
100
|
|
100
|
|
100
|
|
100
|
|
|
100
|
|
|
100
|
|
|
|
Professional work
|
|
48
|
|
44
|
|
|
33
|
|
31
|
|
29
|
|
42
|
|
66
|
|
|
66
|
|
|
70
|
|
|
|
|
Cleaning
|
|
8
|
|
0
|
|
|
8
|
|
8
|
|
10
|
|
7
|
|
0
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Construction
|
|
14
|
|
4
|
|
|
19
|
|
9
|
|
10
|
|
10
|
|
4
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
2
|
|
|
|
|
Entrepreneur
|
|
5
|
|
5
|
|
|
6
|
|
2
|
|
5
|
|
5
|
|
0
|
|
|
5
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Housemaid
|
|
6
|
|
1
|
|
|
4
|
|
2
|
|
2
|
|
2
|
|
3
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Unemployed
|
|
0
|
|
17
|
|
|
0
|
|
15
|
|
10
|
|
14
|
|
0
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Others
|
|
17
|
|
28
|
|
|
29
|
|
32
|
|
34
|
|
20
|
|
27
|
|
|
27
|
|
|
27
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gender
|
|
100
|
|
100
|
|
|
100
|
|
100
|
|
100
|
|
100
|
|
100
|
|
|
100
|
|
|
100
|
|
|
|
Woman
|
|
49
|
|
48
|
|
|
45
|
|
47
|
|
43
|
|
43
|
|
48
|
|
|
46
|
|
|
50
|
|
|
|
|
Man
|
|
51
|
|
52
|
|
|
55
|
|
53
|
|
57
|
|
57
|
|
52
|
|
|
54
|
|
|
50
|
|
|
|
|
|
Age range
|
|
100
|
|
100
|
|
|
100
|
|
100
|
|
100
|
|
100
|
|
100
|
|
|
100
|
|
|
100
|
|
|
|
18 to 40 years
|
|
73
|
|
65
|
|
|
63
|
|
69
|
|
68
|
|
45
|
|
44
|
|
|
65
|
|
|
49
|
|
|
|
|
More than 40 years
|
|
27
|
|
35
|
|
|
37
|
|
31
|
|
32
|
|
55
|
|
56
|
|
|
35
|
|
|
51
|
|
|
| |
Source: Banco Central de Costa Rica
Notes:
n1/ In the years without figures the survey was not carried out.
|